综合教程英语翻译

2024-05-12

综合教程英语翻译(精选6篇)

综合教程英语翻译 第1篇

To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking.Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important.Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English.It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result.As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better off financially next year.We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.George, the son of Mr.Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, which made it hard for other residents in the community to fall asleep.Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference.They called Mr.Johnson to tell him in a frank manner what they were thinking.Mr.Johnson assured them that he would certainly settle the issue.As soon as he put down the phone he scolded his son, “What has come over you? You should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement.” In the end George traded his CDs for computer games software from his classmates.Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer.I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier.I can write, subm it and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss.With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news.But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times.The system may crash.Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret

Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry.You needn’t/don’t have to be ashamed of crying.Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of /Take Donna.Her son unfortunately died in a car accident.The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry.She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry.And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders.It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis.”

Nancy Hopkins is a biology professor at MIT.She craves knowledge and works hard.However, as a scientist, she could not help noticing all kinds of indications of gender inequality on campus.Men and womenprofessors did the same work, but when it came to promotion the administrators were rather selective.It is ironic that after so much cultural progress, women were still at a disadvantage in institutions of higher education.When her request for more lab space was refused, she knew she had to fight.So she gritted her teeth and complained to the President.The fight ended in victory and Nancy was converted into a gender-equity advocate.Though how the English language came into existence remains a mystery to many people, linguists believe

that English and most other European languages have descended from a common source: theIndo-European parent language.English was first spoken by the Anglo-Saxons who invaded England in the fifth century.They passed onto us the basic vocabulary of English.In over fifteen centuries of itsdevelopment, English has enriched itself by massive borrowing.As British immigrants landed in America and established the United States as an independent nation, a new variety was added to the Englishlanguage: American English.Though some people worry that the language is running out of control, many native speakers of English take pride in the tolerance of their language

综合教程英语翻译 第2篇

repeated failures.2.他虽然失去了老板的欢心,但仍然装出一副高兴的样子。

He assumed an air of cheerfulness even though he lost favor with his boss.3.Gulliver经历了冒险奇遇,见到了各色奇异的人物。

Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people.4.如果你再犯同样的错误,他会很生你的气的。

been an excellent vice-president for almost 10 years.He is just too common to be picked out from the crowd.1.1.这所大学是世界上历史最悠久的高等学府之一。

The university is one of the most venerable institutions of higher learning in the world.2.2.如果一个人缺乏实践经验,仅凭课堂里学到的东西很难成功的。

If one is deficient in practical experience, he can hardly become a successful person with only what he has acquired in class.3.3.我火冒三丈,这篇专题文章本周内必须完成,但是老是被打断。It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered 8.8.他实在太普通了,丢人堆里根本找不着。

He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.5.我们都被他坦率的观点、幽默的语言和亲切的态度所深深吸引。

We were all greatly drawn by his frank views, humorous words and 4.genial manner.6.等到欢呼的掌声平息下来,那位诺贝尔奖获得者开始演讲。

The Noble Prize winner began his speech after cheers and applause 5.died down.7.他天生有一种特别的洞察力和预见力,因此,他很少随大流。

He is gifted with a sort of insight and foresight, so he rarely runs with the crowd.6.8.我发现现实毕竟是非常严酷的,一个人难以完全按照自己的理想去生活。

I feel realities are after all very harsh, so one can hardly live up entirely to his ideals.7.1.我的顶头上司是典型的工作狂,一年365天每天工作10小时以上。

My immediate boss is a typical workaholic, for he works for over 10 hours each day all the year round.8.2.校长十分注重课外活动,他认为课外活动有助于培养学生对外部世界的浓厚兴趣。

The principal attaches much importance to extracurricular activities 1.and he believes that they will help to cultivate students’ tremendous interest in the external world.3.星期一一早上,他总是快速冲个澡,胡乱吃块三明治,拦辆出租2.车去上班。

He always grabs a shower, a sandwich and then a taxi to go to work every Monday morning.3.4.既然你要离开公司了,你要在本周内清算账目。

Since you are leaving the company, you should straighten out the accounts within the week.4.5.为了按时完成博士论文,他经常熬夜。

He often stays up late at night in order to finish writing his Ph.D.dissertation on time.5.6.没有什么能够取代内心深处最深切的爱。

Nothing can replace the profoundest love lodges in one’s heart of hearts.6.7.他被认为是总裁职位的当然人选,因为他已经出色地做了近10年副总裁。

He is considered a natural for the post of the president, for he has

I felt exasperated by constant interruptions, for I had to finish writing the monograph by the end of this week.4.他认为用旧文体来写一个当代的主题是滑稽可笑的。

He feels that it is ludicrous to write on a contemporary theme in an ancient style.5.上海的外滩在上世纪七八十年代是年轻情侣喜欢来的谈情说

爱之地。

The Bund in Shanghai was a place where young couples liked to come to coo in the 70s and the 80s of the last century.6.作为10来岁的孩子,他女儿算是非常恬静的,因为她喜欢读

书胜于嬉戏。

His daughter is very sedate for a girl of about 10, for she likes reading more than playing.7.当第一抹阳光洒向大地的时候,这对情人手拉手,在乡村道路

上散步。

The couple strolled hand-in-hand along the country road when the sun in its first splendor steeped the earth.8.这个诗人在世时被普遍认为是一个怪癖的浪漫天才。

The poet was commonly considered as an eccentric genius when alive.1.毫无疑问,莎士比亚使各个时代剧作家相形见绌。

It goes without saying that Shakespeare overshadows all the other playwrights throughout the ages.2.《了不起的盖茨比》被普遍认为是美国上世纪爵士时代的缩影。

The Great Gatsby is commonly deemed as the epitome of the Jazz Age of the last century in America.3.你最好不要在他去哈佛大学深造的兴头上浇冷水。

It is advisable for you not to put a damper on his enthusiasm to further his studies at Harvard.4.年轻人容易盲目崇拜体育圈和娱乐圈迷人的明星。

Young people tend to make a fetish of glamorous stars in sports and entertainment circles.5.他们一路闲逛,漫步来到市中心区域观看庆祝国庆的烟花燃放。

They traipsed all the way to the downtown area to watch the National Day fireworks display.6.他没有犯什么大错或大罪,不该受到如此严厉的惩罚。

He does not deserve such a severe punishment as he has committed neither serious errors nor grave crimes.7.我每次遇到他,他总是说一大堆无聊的话。

Every time I met him, he would talk a whole lot of nonsense.8.名声是一个许多人愿意掉下去的陷阱。

Reputation is a trap into which many people are ready to fall.1.当哈姆雷特拿不定主意该采取什么行动时,他就装疯。

Hamlet feigned madness when he was hesitating about what to do.2.搪塞推诿是这生意人的惯用伎俩。

Prevarication is one of the techniques this businessman likes to employ.7.8.鲜花和彩灯为古老的小镇平添了节日的喜气。

The flowers and the colorful lights lent a festive atmosphere to this ancient small town.1.1.To me, you are definitely more than an acquaintance.2.2.这个地区的许多手艺人经营各种各样的手工艺品。

Many artisans in this region deal in a variety of handicrafts.3.3.他们为此次意外的成功而感到欣喜若狂。

They went into raptures over the unexpected success.4.4.我感到十分惊讶,他用一种超然冷静的太对分析着威胁他们所3.真理之光有时太刺目,于是善意的谎言随处可见。

Sometimes the light of the truth is just too dazzling, so white lies are ubiquitous.4.美国许多妇女声称她们对自己二等公民的地位感到不满。

5.Many women in America profess that they are unhappy with their status of second-class citizens.6.5.一时冲动之下,他失言抖出了秘密。

On the impulse of the moment, he blurted out the secret.6.你应该摆脱偏见,抵制诱惑,不让任何东西扭曲你的判断。

7.You should get rid of any prejudice, resist temptations and let nothing warp your judgment.7.他是一个过于敏感和富于想象力的人,经常在头脑里编织一张复8.杂的网络。

Being over-sensitive and imaginative, he often weaves a tangled web in his mind.8.他在伙伴中很受欢迎,因为他尽量不给别人添麻烦。

He is very popular among his peers as he always tries to spare others any trouble.1.1.有时,我们不得不做出选择,因为没有中间路可走。

Sometimes, we have to make a choice because there is no middle ground.2.2.他脑海里经常浮现过去的景象:那时的他无忧无虑,没有生活的重压。He often conjured up visions of the past when he was free from the 3.pressures of life.3.当他有倦意的时候,经常喝一杯浓浓的清咖啡提神。

He often refreshed himself with a cup of strong black coffee when he felt fatigued.4.4.他挤过一群醉鬼和讨价还价的女人,穿过灯火闪耀的街市。

5.He thrust a throng of drunken men and bargaining women and walked through the flaring streets.5.老道的译者虽然理论不多,但可以凭借经验将一种语言转换成另一种语言。

6.Experienced translators, though lacking in the theory, can render one language into another by rule of thumb.6.人们普遍认为外长此行的主要目的是打破两国关系的僵局。

7.It was generally believed that the major purpose of the foreign minister’s trip was to break the ice with regards to the relations 8.between the two countries.7.Reading good books and making friends with good people can elevate the mind.有人的危险形势。

Much to my surprise, he analyzed with extraordinary detachment the dangerous situation that threatened all of them.5.她躲在窗帘后面窥望那个陌生人。

She peered at the stranger from behind the curtain.6.假日里,他在海滩上尽情享受日光浴的欢乐。

During the holidays, he indulged in the luxury of a bath of sunshine on the beach.7.听到他去世的噩耗,她不胜悲哀。

When she learnt the news of his death, she was overwhelmed with grief.8.我不赞成用分期付款的方式买房子,我倒认为,我们每个人都

应该储蓄以备不时之需。

I’m not in favor of buying a house on the installment plan;instead, I maintain that every one of us should save up for a rainy day.1.实验结果远远超出了他们的预料。

The result of the experiment far surpassed their expectations.2.我们应该充分考虑这个项目的费用和可能遇到的困难。

We should take full account of the cost of the project and the difficulties we might encounter.3.好天气是这次远征科学考察成功的原因之一。

The fair weather contributed to the success of the scientific expedition.4.巴西足球球星罗纳尔多在2002年世界杯足球赛中射进好几个

精彩的球。

Ronaldo, one of the footballs stars from Brazil, several spectacular goals in 2002 FIFA World Cup.Robert Frost

5.由于对诗歌的杰出贡献被美国许多大学授予名誉学位。

Many honorary degrees from different colleges and universities in America were conferred upon Robert Frost for his remarkable contributions to poetry.6.摆脱坏习惯需要耐心和毅力。

Patience and perseverance are required in emancipation from bad habits.7.他们努力将这些新观念灌输到学生的头脑中去。

They tried to instill such new ideas into students’ mind.8.你对员工进行评估时应该做到公正。

综合教程英语翻译 第3篇

Coursebooks are indispensable tools in language teaching.There are some arguments for using a coursebook according to Ur(1996,p184):(1)A coursebook provides a clear framework.(2)In many places the coursebook serves as a syllabus.(3)A coursebook provides texts and learning tasks which are likely to be of an appropriate level fo most of the class.(4)A coursebook is the cheapest way of providing learning materials for each learner.(5)A book is a convenient package(6)For teachers who are inexperienced or occasionally unsure of thei knowledge of the language,the coursebook can provide useful guidance and support.(7)The learner can use the coursebook to learn new material,review and monitor progress with some degree of autonomy.

Experiencing English Integrated Book 1 is published by highe education press,in the year 2002.

Before my analysis,I would like to cite Ur's criteria here and give ticks according to their importance of evaluating a coursebook from my own understanding.

2 Analysis and Evaluation of Experiencing English Integrated Book 1

Experiencing English Integrated Book 1 is used for the freshmen majored in English in the integrated English class for the first term The book consists of eight units.In each unit,there are four parts listen and talk,read and explore,write and produce,and culture salon Each unit has a specific topic.In the listen and talk part,there is a passage with some blanks to be filled in,some pictures to talk about two dialogue samples to read,and two speaking tasks to finish.The read and explore part with two intensive passages in it,is the centra part in a unit.Almost all the new words,language points and gramma are learned in this part.Some exercises are designed to help the learners master the new knowledge.The write and produce part is composed of general writing and practical writing.The last part in each unit is culture salon,which emphasizes culture information.

The methodology of this book is quite acceptable to the targe community-freshmen in the college.The materials discuss and identify areas of student need,for example,new words,interesting topics general writing,practical writing,etc.It encourages the balance o deductive approach and inductive approach to learning,for it has exercises and examples for both approaches.The learners are encouraged to use language creatively.The book's attitude to mistakes is unbearable for the book contains some mistake correction exercises to make students be aware of not making the mistakes.The book uses English all the time,so the attitude of this book towards learners mother tongue is negative.What is more,language accuracy is balanced with language fluency in the book.

This book has clear attractive layout.The whole book is printed in white paper with high-quality and uses colored words and pictures here and there.The book has some visual materials,such as PPT slides.The topics in the book are closely related to students'life,such as college life,study online etc.But the topics lack variety because all of them have something to do with school and learning,so this book is not suitable for those adult learners who have left school for a long time.The instructions of the book are very clear and easy to understand.The content in this book is clearly organized and graded sequenced by difficulty.For example,the length and difficulty of the passages in unit 1 are shorter and easier than that of passages in unit8.The language in the book is authentic because all the lessons are adapted or selected from western newspapers or books written by native speakers.The pronunciation explanation in the book can be only found in the vocabulary list after the new words.The vocabulary explanation in the book is also very limited,though it is bilingual,it only mentions the usage appearing in the passages.The four skills of English are practiced in this book and it encourages learners to develop their own learning strategies and to become independent in learning.This book has audio cassettes and learners can also reach the electronic version of the book online.This book is so popular that it can be easily found in bookstore and the cultural content is quite rich.

To sum up,Experiencing English Integrated Book 1 can meet the needs of teaching English for freshmen.It has clear objectives,attractive layout,interesting topics,plenty of authentic language,adequate guidance for teachers,audio and visual aids,practice for all four skills in English and it is well organized and edited.The shortcomings for this book are that it lacks varied topics and periodic review and test sections.

3 Conclusion

No coursebook is perfect.As Cunningsworth(1984,p.15)asserts"Course materials for English should be seen as the teacher's servant and not his master",so coursebooks must be evaluated objectively and teachers should try to select suitable coursebook for students and make best use of it with efforts of modifying and supplementing it.

摘要:通过衡量体验英语综合教程第一册,得出教师对于教科书必须持客观态度,并通过教师自己的修改和补充,来更好的利用它。

关键词:教科书,评估,充分利用

参考文献

[1]Cunningsworth,A.(1984).Evaluating and selecting EFL teaching materials.London:Heinemann Educational Books.

综合教程英语翻译 第4篇

关键词:教材 综合教程 英语教学 问题

一、引言

大家一致认为:“教材相当于特定课程的指导性文献,是体现教学内容和教学方法的知识载体,是进行教学的基本工具和依据”。教材质量的高低,教材设计与编写是否科学合理,对一门课程的教学成功与否起着决定性的作用。大学英语教材自然是大学英语教学的重要载体。我国大学英语教材从20世纪60年代发展至今,随着人们对语言认识的改变以及教学目的和要求的变化,经历了四个阶段(董亚芬,2003)。而作为第四代英语教材代表之一的新世纪大学英语系列教材,在编写理念,设计形式上无疑给人耳目一新的感觉。但是尚存在不尽如人意的地方。作为一名英语教师,作者连续三年使用此套教材。在此过程中,不断地发现了这套教材,尤其是第一、二册的《综合教程》存在的问题。下面,笔者就尝试性地一一指出所发现的问题。

二、题材单一

正如此套教材的总主编秦秀白所说,新世纪大学英语编写的一个重要的理念就是坚持人本主义教育观。编写者希望以英语为载体,使学习者通过相关主题文章的学习和思考,实现“人格、素质的同步提升”。其实最终目的就是引导学习者成为“更好的人”。在过分讲究实用主义,道德标准随时遭遇挑战的的中国现代社会,此理念真如及时雨,因此也使得这套教材独树一帜。所以“《综合教程》所涵盖的主题都与同学们的人格形成与发展、参与社会活动和实现自我价值的人生历程密切相关。”但是,教育要教会学生思考问题的方法,培养学生独立的判断能力,而不是把现成的价值观硬塞给学生。《综合教材》过于简单的语言学习与人格完善的关系,造成题材单一,说教的痕迹过重,相似话题多次重复的问题。如第一册书中的Growing up(成长),Care of the Elderly(照料老人),Parents and Children(父母与子女)三个主题,虽然侧重点不同,但其实都涉及两代人之间的沟通交流问题,而在第七单元的主题又是Relationships and Communication (关系与交流)。作者在跟同事交流时发现,大部分老师都感觉上课时似乎总在重复同一个话题,到最后就感到无话可说,没有了新鲜感。加上后面的living in harmony(和谐相处), The Value of Life (生命的价值) Moral Values(道德价值),Adversity(逆境)等主题,《综合教程》 读起来就像是一本《心灵鸡汤》。而事实上,两册书中共有6篇文章出自《心灵鸡汤》。作为一般读物这无可指责,但作为教材,就会带来很多的问题。比如,其他如科技、文化、历史、哲学、传记等有助于开拓学生视野,促使学生思考的题材,这两册书却丝毫没有涉及。所以该套教材强调以语言为载体对大学生进行道德的影响和情商的培养,却忽略了语言作为百科知识、跨文化知识甚至专业知识的载体的功能。

三、 体裁单调

Harmer(1983:35)认为,评估教材的一种方法是看它是否能够满足学习者的要求,这是评判教材的依据和前提。Cunningsworth(1995:15)专门提出了教材评估的四个原则:“(1)教材应适应学习者的需求,应和语言教学课程目标吻合;(2)教材应反映学习者目前和将来要使用的语言,能帮助学生学会有效地使用他们所需要的语言;(3)教材应该考虑学生作为学习者的需求,促进他们的学习进程,不要武断地强加给他们所谓的“方法”;(4)教材应该对学习有着明确的支持作用,像教师一样,促进学生的语言学习”。也就是说,只有当教材编写的目的和学生学习外语的目的较为一致时,当教材能够满足学生学习外语的需要,使他们能把学到的语言知识和技能用到学习、工作和生活中时,教材编写目标才变得真实。

这两条原则要求大学英语的教材应该考虑体裁的多样性。只有这样才能满足学生日后的需求。学生日后阅读的过程中会遇到叙事、说明、议论等各种体裁的文章。而两册《综合教程》共32篇文章中仅有第一册第六单元的两篇文章是叙事性的,其余则都是议论文。这不利于学生全面地了解英文语言的特点,不利于学习使用生动鲜活、实用的语言。毕竟各类体裁的文章在用词造句及谋篇上会有显著的差异。如叙事性文章的对话很可能是不完整的句子,同时包含着俗语、俚语等非正式用语;新闻报刊英语精练简洁, 准确具体, 生动有趣, 新颖活泼;科技文体严谨周密,概念准确,逻辑性强, 大量使用名词化结构,经常使用被动语句或长句。如果教材中所选文章体裁单一,学生就无法领略和了解英语语言丰富的表现力和多样性,而且日后在实际的阅读中碰到不同的体裁就会束手无策,也更不可能创造出符合特定“语域”的自然的英语语篇。

四、无端删改原文

现在的英文教材课文大都选自原版刊物,但在改编的过程中对语言控制都很严。编者会用《教学词表》中的词来替代所谓“超纲词”,以避免出现过多生词;还会用规范简单的句子结构改写不规范的复杂的句子结构。其结果是,现在大学生阅读原版报刊文章和专业文献困难,而在英文创作时用词贫乏,缺乏变化,教材中的语言材料必须真实要把学生置于语言的真实环境中,。替换生词,改变结构必然会影响语言输入的量和质,影响学生今后处理外部世界真实语言的能力。不仅如此,不当或者错误的处理会歪曲原文的意思,或因逻辑关系缺失造成阅读上的障碍。

而该教材在原文处理上也存在类似的问题。

第二册第二单元Text A 节选自海伦·凯勒的名作《假如给我三天光明》。第三段的最后一句话原文应该是:There are those, of course, who would adopt the Epicurean motto of “Eat, drink, and be merry”. But most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death. 而不知道出于什么原因,原文中的Epicurean被删掉,错失了一个老师向学生介绍古希腊哲学家伊壁鸠鲁及享乐主义的机会。而后面一句的chastened 被替换成了punished. 前者意思为:to correct by punishment or suffering。它的同义词是discipline 或者purify.而punish的意思则是:to impose a penalty on sb. for a fault, offense, or violation. 两个单词在意思上还是有很大差距的。这个句子中的impending也被无故删除,原文的意思没有得到准确的再现。

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同册书第八单元Text A:Did You Have a Tough Childhood?是改编自网上的一篇同名文章。原文第一句是: Many claim intense childhood trauma “damages” a person in their adult years.改编后的句子变成了:Many claim unhappy and terrible childhood experiences “damage” people in their adult years. intense trauma 这样常见的漂亮的单词被再现为 unhappy and terrible experiences,其准确性也是值得商榷的。

五、编写态度不够严谨

教材对于相应学科的指导性决定了它严谨和科学的特点。而在中国,教科书一向被视作依据“标准”。在学生们的观念中,教科书上说的就是绝对正确的,就是标准的和权威的。当然,我们也允许教科书上偶尔出现个别的无关紧要的错误。毕竟,人非圣贤,孰能无过。但令人遗憾的是,现在的许多教科书没有做到精益求精,大大小小的问题和错误随处可见,也体现了编者追求效率,治学不严的作风。例如:

(1) 单词表上所列单词的意思并非课文中出现的意思。例如:

第五单元Text A: A Time for Memories中第九段中的accomplishment 在单词表中(153)被解释为:才艺,才能。而根据语境,它在句子中显然是“成就”的意思。再如:第七单元Text A: How Well Can We Listen? 中第三段的curiously(213),在单词表中并没有给出解释,而只是列出了curious的一个常见的意思:好奇的,好打听的。从上下文来判断,curiously 应该是:古怪地,奇怪地。更为荒唐的是,在同一页上生词表中arise 和arise from的解释同为:出现,呈现;发生。这种属于粗心大意的错误实属不该。

(2)音标的错误。例如:同是第七单元的单词physiological(214)音标的重音被错误地标在了第三个元音前,因此成了:[ fizi'?l?d?ik?l ]。这种错误实在是误导学生,害处无穷。第八单元Text A 第四段的单词schedule(246)的音标只给出了['?edju: l],而同样可接受并且常用的 ['sked?ul]的发音却没有标出。

⑶ 编者自己对于文章和单词的理解有误

教师参考书上的译文充分体现了编者自己对于文章的理解有误。有例为证:第一册第二单元Text A第26段(40)中的句子:Almost immediately, the woman′s frown became a smile of recognition… 教参对于a smile of recognition 的翻译是:似曾相识的笑容。这个译文跟实际的意思相去甚远。其实正确的理解应该是:笑了起来,好像认出我是谁 了(即:脸上露出笑容,好像说:“哦,原来是你啊!”)。

另外,第一册第五单元Text A的第15段(p152)中提到了private victories 和public victories。教参上将其按照字面意思分别译为:“个人生活的成就”和“公共生活的成就”。这样的翻译让人一头雾水,不明所以。何为“个人生活”?何为 “公共生活”?笔者尝试将其翻译为“内在素养的 (成功)提升”和“外在的成就”。

编者对于某些单词的用法理解有误。第七单元的课后练习中的翻译部分有这样一句:这种新药已经成功地用在动物身上,但这并不意味着它在人类身上也适用。后面括号中给出be applied to,表示要在翻译中用到该表达。很显然,编者对apply一词的用法和意思理解有误。Apply 作“运用”讲时为及物动词;而作“适用”解时为不及物动词,是没有被动语态的。显然编者将两个意思和用法搞混淆了。因此,按照汉语,此句应该翻译为:…but this doesn′t mean it can apply to humans. 而不是像答案一样翻译成:… it can be applied to humans.

这样的错误如果只是个别的,教材的使用者是可以理解了。但是如此频繁的错误(仅第七单元一篇课文就出现四个错误),实在令人难以接受。

六、前后内容不成系统

众所周知,英语教材的编写应该本着循序渐进的原则,由易到难,由简到繁。纵观该教材的第一和第二册,教师不难发现,第二册的课文无论从句子和篇章结构上,还是从思想内容上来说,难度都没有明显增大。

另外,对于生词和熟词的界定很是混乱。例如reveal一词,在第一册第三单元的Text A 作为生词在生词表中出现,又在第八单元Text A (p244)作为熟词出现。而到第二册的Text A(p35),该单词又一次作为生词被列出,其解释跟第一册的解释一模一样。这样的问题绝非个别现象。第一册第八单元Text A第5段(p247)中的put (表达,叙述)被当成熟词出现,而令人费解的是,在第二册第一单元Text A,却被当成生词出现在生词表中。类似的例子还有很多。

还有一些有一定难度的词组却没有列出汉语意思。第一册第四单元Text A第11段(p106)的complete with 没有作为生词列出;而refresh one′s memory分别在第四单元和第八单元出现过两次,却从未给过任何解释。

七、课后练习设计粗浅

该套教材的课后练习过于简单,尤其是针对所学单词和词组进行操练的练习Working with Words and Expressions部分。题目中的句子无论是从用词、结构还是长度上都是没有难度的。绝大部分的题目都是学生可以不假思索,轻松完成。过于简单的练习题目剥夺了学生思考的机会,不利于他们真正掌握和巩固语言知识。而汉译英练习部分的句子很多明显是为了用到所学的单词和表达生硬地拼在一起,老师翻译起来都觉得别扭。

八、结论

通过以上分析,作者认为,新世纪大学英语《综合教程》无论从教材的设计和选材都存在一些问题,细节上也错误频出,没有做到精益求精,致使某种程度上失去了教材本身应该具有的指导性和权威性。这不能不说是一种遗憾。作者真诚希望教材编者能够在科学的理论指导下,本着对学生负责、对教育事业负责的严谨治学的态度编写较为完善的、实用的教材。只有这样英语教和学才能更有效地进行。

参考文献

[1] 蔡基刚,唐敏.新一代大学英语教材的编写原则[J].中国大学教学,(China University Teaching)2008(4).

[2] 陈珍珍.我国大学英语教材的编写历史与发展规律[J].宁波大学学报:教育科学版,2010,32(3).

[3] 秦秀白.新世纪大学英语系列教材:《综合教程》[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2008.

[4] 朱其韵.大学英语教材编写与评估的几点思考[J].广东水利电力职业技术学院学报,2010(3).

[5] Cunningsworth, A. Choosing Your Coursebook[M]. Oxford: Heinemann,1995.

[6] Harmer,J.The Practice of English Language Teaching :London: Longman,1983.

大学体验英语综合教程3课文翻译 第5篇

最近发生了几桩怪事儿。

我在北威斯康星州的树林中有一座小木屋。是我亲手搭建的,前面还有一间花房。住在里面相当惬意。实际上我是在户外做音频制作和环境方面的工作--作为干这一行的工具,我还装备了一间带电脑的工作室。

还有一只树蛙也在我的工作室中住了下来。

去年十一月,我第一次惊讶地发现他(只是这样称呼罢了,事实上我并不知道该称“他”还是“她”)坐在电脑的音箱上。我把他放到花房里去,认为他呆在那儿会更舒服一些。可他又跑回来呆在原地。很快我就习惯了有他做伴,清晨我上网查收邮件和阅读新闻的时候,他也在一旁关注这个世界。

可上周,我突然对这个爬上爬下的 “小绿人或小灰人”产生了好奇心。

于是有一天,我正在工作室里干活,电脑嗡嗡作响。当树蛙从我面前爬过时,我不得不停止工作。他停下了并转过身来,坐在那儿看着我。好吧,我也干脆停下来望着他。五个月了,他一直这样陪着我。我突然有一股强烈的欲望想了解他:为什么他要呆在这儿而不乐意呆在花房里?我认为对树蛙来说,花房显然要舒适得多。

“你为什么呆在这儿?”我情不自禁地问他。

我目不转睛地盯着他,他也直视着我。然后我听到一种叮咚声。这种声音似乎一下子就进入了我的大脑中枢,因为它和电脑里发出来的声音十分接近。在那个声音里我听到树蛙对我“说”:“因为我想让你明白”。唷,太不可思议了。“明白什么?”我脑海中突然跳出了这个问题。然后经过短暂的体验这种交流之后,我觉得我已经理解了树蛙待在这儿的原因。我开始理解树蛙只是想听到其他同类的叫声并并与之交流。或许他误以为计算机发出的声音就是其他树蛙在呼唤他。

真是有趣。

我继续工作。我正在写一个关于全球气候变化的故事。有个朋友刚好发过来一份传真,说地球的温度正以每十年1.9度的速度上升。我知道,照这种速度下去,每年春天我都爱去提取树浆的这片枫林,到我孩子的那一代就将不复存在。我的故乡美丽的威斯康星州也会在下一代变成一片草原。

此刻,树蛙从我脚背跳过去站在电脑前的地板上。然后他伸出手来从后面拢起左耳凝神倾听,接着他又站在电脑前伸出右手拢起另一支耳朵。他这样转动着脑袋,聆听那个声音,非常专心致志。他的皮肤起了微妙的变化,呈现出一种亮丽的绿色,然后他就用尽全力跳到电脑上。

我猛然想起去年在收音机里听到的一则关于青蛙的消息,说是全世界的青蛙正在死亡。消息说因为青蛙的皮肤就像是一个内里朝外的肺,所以正在受到污染和全球气候变化的影响。据说已经发现有些青蛙的皮肤已变得像纸一样干瘪。还说青蛙是一个“物种指示器”,由于对环境敏感,这个物种会先遭灭顶之灾。

这时我明白了。

青蛙向我们传递了一个信息。一些头脑清醒的人士也曾向我们传递过同样的信息,那就是“我们别无选择。”我们已经进入了关键时刻,为了人类的子孙后代,也为青蛙,我们必须对这个星球负起主人的责任。

因为我们休戚相关。

我还明白了我们之间没有界限,明白了时间的紧迫。

为了我们的亲人,我们必须马上行动起来。

于是我明白了这只青蛙此行的目的,也知道自己在这儿该做些什么。

Unit4

且慢,神奇医生

塞韦里诺·安蒂诺里是一个富有的意大利医生,在他名下有一连串治疗不育症的私人诊所。他喜欢观看足球比赛,自称为天主教的忠实信徒,然而梵蒂冈对他的研究却不感兴趣。

在他的诊所里,安蒂诺里已能给患者提供天下所有的试管受精治疗,但对某些夫妇,他仍然无能为力。因此,这个被意大利人称作神奇医生的人现在打算克隆患者本人来帮助他们得到迫切想要的孩子。

当然这就引起了轩然大波,宗教领袖群起而攻之,认为这是对人类尊严的玷污,同时其他科学家也出来抨击他的克隆计划。尽管在此之前安蒂诺里已多次提到过他的远大志向,但这次不同的是他好像是要动真格的了。与安蒂诺里志趣相投的美国科学家加入了他的克隆冒险试验。上周在罗马举行的一次新闻发布会上,他们宣布已有上百对夫妇自愿成为实验对象。

七年前,安蒂诺里由于使用捐赠的卵子帮助高龄妇女成功生育,顿时名声大噪。随后,他率先使用老鼠为生殖力低下的男子培育精子。很显然,他不是一位普通的科学家,而是一个爱出风头的人。他靠论争而成名,并将生殖学推到了极限。为此他便理所当然地被视为危险人物。

然而,他利用克隆技术来战胜不育症的想法并不是想象的那样不可理喻。很多人还难以理解利用克隆进行生育的意义,但对某些夫妇而言,他们想要一个携带自己基因的孩子,克隆技术是他们唯一的希望。就这点而言,与安迪诺瑞观点一致的科学家或许是正确的,他们指出我们没有充分的理由来反对作为医疗手段的克隆生育技术。将来我们也许会改变观点并允许在特殊的情况下使用克隆技术.但前提条件是要等到科学发展成熟之后,而这才是问题的实质。克隆羊多利出生五年了,克隆技术却一直见不到曙光。克隆的失败率令人震惊,高达97%,畸形婴儿屡见不鲜。即使克隆成功了,也无人能理解其究竟。所以我们先别去争论复杂的伦理道德。在最基本问题得到澄清之前就开展人体克隆,简直就是浪费时间和精力。

这并不是说安蒂诺里定会失败,问题仅仅在于即使他成功了,代价也许会高得让人难以接受。将会浪费大量的卵子和胚胎,很多妇女将经历怀孕的艰难过程,而结果却是流产或堕胎。从现在算起几年以后,技术将会有长足的进步,无谓的损失就会极大地降低。然而,在现阶段要想阻止生育克隆,似乎任何人对此都几乎无能为力。

这不仅仅是安蒂诺里和他的团队热衷于这项研究,还有一个叫做雷利安的宗教组织相信克隆是实现永生的关键,并声称已经拥有了必要的卵子捐赠者和自愿接受移植胚胎的人。

那末,制定更加严厉的法律又将如何呢?虽然目前在很多国家移植克隆的人类胚胎是非法的,但是绝不是所有的地方都会禁止。禁止克隆很有可能会使其转入地下,而不是将其根除。因为秘密研究会引起问题,安蒂诺里和他的团队拒绝透露他们将把哪个国家作为研究基地。不管人们喜欢与否,克隆研究仍将进行下去。迟早我们将要做出抉择:对克隆研究进行规范是否比强行禁止更为有利。

当然安蒂诺里会主张对克隆进行规范。他相信人们定会摆脱由克隆生育带来的情感冲突,将其作为另一种试管受精技术,这只是时间上的问题。上周他说道,一旦第一个克隆婴儿呱呱坠地,全世界一定会欢迎他的到来。

但是,如果第一个克隆婴儿不健康、畸形,或者只是千百个克隆胎儿中的唯一幸存者,世界绝不会接受他。过早抢先开始克隆实验,神奇医生和他的同事们的确面临着极大的风险。如果他们的直觉出错,对克隆技术乃至对整个科学事业的冲击将是灾难性的。

Unit5 无言以对

几周前我乘坐出租车,司机通过后视镜看着我说:“对不起,小姐,能帮个忙吗?”

精明老练的城里人都知道,对诸如“能帮个忙吗?”这样的问题,回答永远应该是“那要看是什么忙了。”而我却高声地说:“当然可以。”

“谢谢!”他说,并向后排座递过来一张黄纸条。

我盯着纸条,疑心顿起:难道他在开玩笑?抑或是威胁?纸条上是手写的工工整整几个小字:proverb,peculiar,idiomatic。

“请问,这几个字是什么意思?”

我沮丧地看着纸条上的字,就好像在晚会上你盯着几个以前曾经见过的面孔,却怎么也想不起他们的名字。Proverb?Peculiar?Idiomatic?我怎么会知道?会用一个词是一回事儿,会解释可是另外一回事儿。于是我故意转移话题。

“这些字是哪儿来的?”

司机解释说他是巴基斯坦人,开车时喜欢听收音机,经常把不熟悉的、精彩的词随手记下来,然后向乘客询问他们的意思和拼法。

“Peculiar,这个词什么意思?”他问。

这个我知道。“指奇特、古怪,经常带点儿怀疑的意味,”我说。

“谢谢您,小姐。那么,idiomatic呢?”

我清清嗓子,说:“嗯,它是指,嗯,它是语言的一种独特运用。”

我自以为“独特”一词用得很妙,他却一脸的迷惑。这是在提示我,如果对方没有明白,这词儿就不能算用得妙。

“啊,这么说吧,idiomatic和idiom有关,而idiom是指一个国家的某一特定地区或一个民族的某一特定人群使用的词,该地区以外的人,不属于这个群体的人一般不用或不明白它的用法。”

看着他迷惑不解的样子,我不知用什么恰当的词才好,只好继续解释下去,似乎一千个模糊的词加起来可以等于一个准确的定义。

“你能举个例子吗?”

我绞尽脑汁地想:“围观塞车,”这是个独特的芝加哥惯用语。

可这算得上名副其实的惯用语吗?我不得而知。我越想惯用语,就越没有把握说清楚惯用语到底是什么?

“那么proverb呢?”

我本该当时就告诉这个可怜的人,我的解释也许会误导他对谚语真正含义的理解,但我却说:“我觉得谚语就是一种警语,但又不完全是。”

“一种什么?”

“算了,别管它,谚语是给人们以警示的短小精悍的句子。”

“比如说……”

当我在脑海里拼命地搜索时,记价器上的数字又跳了20美分。最后我低声说:“欲速则不达?”

但它算是谚语吗?且慢,谚语是否应该是些小故事而并非短语呢?我还在掂量谚语可能就是小故事时,他又问:“那惯用语是谚语吗?”

这我可以回答,但不是在此时。因为此时这一回答至关重要,一个好奇聪明的外国移民以为他所期待的答案会从一个本国人的口中自然而然地脱口而出,就好像十月的树叶会自然地落下来一样。因此我退却了。

“你请乘客给你解释词意的时候,他们大多都会给你答案吗?”

“会的,小姐,很有意思的解释。”

直到那时,我一直在为这位司机学习英语的执著而感动,陶醉于能有机会与一个充满好奇心的人一起来满足自己对语言词语的好奇心,却未能充分意识到在这辆出租车上可能犯下的语言欺诈错误。我几乎不敢想象这位司机听到的是什么样的蹩脚英语,因为像我这样的懦夫不敢坦白地承认:“我对自己的母语并不懂。”

我只能希望像他这样好奇的人会有一本字典,希望他能明白,不论乘客如何解释,发生围观塞车时,欲速则未必不达。

Unit6 开罗的女出租车司机

她叫娜格特。

我第一次见到她是在开罗机场。一个女出租车司机——在一大群男伙伴中唯一干这一行的女性。

你知道在深夜到达一个陌生的城市是一种什么感受吗?没有任何人,甚至没有一缕阳光来迎接你。当我步出机场时,迎面而来的是成群的出租车司机——在全世界所有的机场都有众多出租车司机四处转悠。在开罗,出租司机人更多,更喧闹。“出租车!”“你要出租车吗?”我耳边充斥着这些声音。

我感到一只有力的手抓住了我的左臂。“你需要出租车,跟我来!”那个女人说。她什么都没有问,只是拉着我穿过人群。我顺从地跟着她。一个旅游者,特别是一个妇女,有些时候就不得不信赖某个人。我们来到一辆破旧的小车前。这辆车的风光已过——如今车身上有不少擦伤,轮胎磨得光秃秃的,挡风玻璃上还有一道裂缝。但它的确是一辆出租车。而且这个女人将亲自开车送我。她把我的包搬进行李箱,上好锁,然后坐在驾驶座上。这时我才松了一口气。“我会开车送你。别担心,”她说。

娜格特向我解释说,她每周开几个昼夜的出租车。她另有一份工作,在办公室任职,但语焉不详。这辆破旧的小车不是她的,而是一个老板的。只要有可能,她就向他租来开。自从十来年前她丈夫撒手人寰,留下两个十多岁的孩子和她的双亲之后,她就一直开出租车养家糊口。

她熟知开罗的每一个角落——这并非一日之功。开罗迷宫般的大街小巷、居民区、集市所构成的复杂体系,宛如古代说书人编造的迷津。数百座清真寺——其中许多是伊斯兰建筑的精华,紧紧挤在一起的的老街区,郊外巨大的公寓楼群,静静流淌的尼罗河穿城而过——所有这些组成了这座过于拥挤的城市。

娜格特熟谙人情,略带幽默。她全权负责我的观光日程安排。每天早上9点正,我都能看见她矮壮的身影准时出现在旅馆大厅外。每当她瞥见我走下楼梯,她圆圆的脸上马上会绽放出灿烂的笑容。几乎每天她都穿着一件土黄色的带风帽的斗蓬。她动作利索,从不浪费任何时间。她做事果断似乎是由于经济条件所迫而养成的习惯,不得不尽可能多做些事情。

随着她开车带我从博物馆到金字塔,从城市的一端到另一端,我很快就发现她卓尔不群。每当我们停下来,喝一杯茶小憩或到达一个历史景点--在这些地方的停车场总是男出租车司机云集之处--无论何处,她总是引人注目。男人们走向她的车,脸上充满了疑惑。正如她告诉我的那样,他们首先都会问?quot;你是开出租车的吗?“经过她简短的解释,我看见那些男人脸色缓和下来,微笑着,尊重而和善地与她聊天。这种场面多次出现。我感觉到,她总是能赢得遇到她的人的友情。

娜格特自尊并自立。有一天,我看见她在博物馆外等我的时候,从出租车行李箱里取出备用轮胎--有一个磨秃的轮胎终于瘪了--准备自己换轮胎。几个好奇的旁观者围上来,还有人愿意帮忙--但是不,她不需要任何人帮忙。她麻利而从容地换好了轮胎,用瓶装水洗过手,然后坐进车里,问我:”现在去哪儿?"

大学体验英语综合教程2课后翻译 第6篇

Answer:1.Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote.2.每学期开学前,这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship)

Answer:2.A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester.3.遵照医生的建议,我决定戒烟。(on the advice of)

Answer:3.On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking.4.公园位于县城的正中央。(be located in)

Answer:4.The park is located right in the center of town.5.这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(facilities)

Answer:5.The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire.6.警察们正忙着填写关于这场事故的各种表格。(fill out)

Answer:6.The policemen are busy fi lling out forms about the accident.7.我想在还车之前把油箱加满。(fill up, fuel tank)

Answer:7.I want to fi ll up the fuel tank before returning the car.8.如果你要投诉,最好遵循正确的程序。(follow the procedure)

Answer:8.If you want to make a complaint, you’d better follow the correct procedure.9.要不是约翰帮忙,我们绝不会这么快就完成实验。(without)

Answer:9.We couldn’t have fi nished the experiment so soon without John’s help.10.暴风雨之后,岸边的人们焦急地搜索湖面以期发现小船的踪迹。(scan for)

Answer:10.After the storm, the people on the shore anxiously scanned the lake for any sign of the boat.11.我发现量入为出地过日子越来越难了。(increasingly)

Answer:11.I find it increasingly difficult to live within my income.12.现代政治家们都试图以电视讲话来影响普通百姓。(reach out)

Answer:12.Modern politicians try to reach out to ordinary people in their TV speeches.13.应该帮助学生对人生采取积极的态度。(adopt)

Answer:13.Pupils should be helped to adopt a positive attitude to life.14.希望全班同学参加这些讨论。(participate in)

Answer:14.Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions.15.如果你犯了罪就必须受到惩罚。(crime)

Answer:15.If you commit a crime you must expect to be punished.16.她在公共汽车站一直等到末班车进站。(come in)

Answer:16.She waited at the bus stop until the last bus came in.17.如果我们能帮得上忙,尽管和我们联系。(contact)

Answer:17.If there is any way we can be of assistance, please do not hesitate to contact us.18.他需要多少船务人员才能使他的游艇航行?(crew, yacht)

Answer:18.How many crew does he need to sail his yacht?.虽然她的新书没有上一本好,但是我还是喜欢它。(not quite as)

Answer:19.I enjoyed her new book though it’s not quite as good as her last one..我从未遇到过如此善良的人。(never before)

Answer:20.Never before have I met such a kind person.21.我们得把感情放在一边,从专业的角度来对待这件事。(from a professional standpoint)

Answer:21.We have to put aside our emotions and take it from a professional standpoint.22.这部戏非常精彩,我很快就沉浸于激动人心的剧情之中。(lose oneself in)

Answer:22.The play was so wonderful that I soon lost myself in the excitement of it.23.她没有什么爱好——除非你把看电视也算是一种爱好。(unless)

Answer:23.She hasn’t got any hobbies — unless you call watching TV a hobby.24.他说他是直接从市长本人那里得到这个信息的。(first-hand)

Answer:24.He said that he had got the information first-hand from the Mayor himself.25.既然你不能回答这个问题,我们最好问问别人。(since)

Answer:25.Since you can’t answer the question, perhaps we’d better ask someone else.26.那件工作很难做,不过我想试试看。(have a shot)

Answer:26.It’s a difficult job, but I’d like to have a shot.27.这是一本关于商务实践而非理论的书。(as opposed to)

Answer:27.This is a book about business practice as opposed to theory.28.社会活动从未耽误她的学习。(in the way)

Answer:28.Social activities never get in the way of her studies.29.直到1911年人们才发现第一种维生素。(It is not until...that)

Answer:29.It was not until 1911 that the first of the vitamins was identified.30.尽管年事已高,爷爷每天还帮忙做家务。(despite)

Answer:30.Despite advanced years, Grandpa helps do housework every day.31.他并不后悔说过的话,只是觉得他完全可以不用这种方式表达。(could have done)

Answer:31.He did not regret what he had said but felt that he could have expressed it differently.32.我们最好等到12月14日。那时大卫已考完试,就能和我们一起去度假了。(will have done)

Answer:32.We’d better wait till 14 December.David will have had his exam by then, so he’ll be able to go on holiday with us.33.他正在做一个新项目,年底前必须完成。(work on)

Answer:33.He’s working on a new project which has to be finished by the end of the year.34.他们让我们使用他们的实验室,作为回报,我们则让他们分享研究成果。(in return)

Answer:34.They are letting us use their lab, and in return, we are sharing with them the results of our research.35.诸如打电话、听电话一类的事情占用了这位秘书的大部分时间。(take up)

Answer:35.Such things as making and answering telephone calls take up most of the secretary’s time.36.为了追求更为健康的饮食,人们现在吃的鱼比过去更多。(in pursuit of)

Answer:36.In pursuit of a healthier diet, people are eating more flish than they used to.37.我们需要在坏天气到来之前叫人把屋顶修一修。(set in)

Answer:37.We need to have the roof repaired before the bad weather sets in.38.这种疾病正在蔓延,所有儿童都有被传染的危险。(at risk)

Answer:38.The disease is spreading, and all young children are at risk.39.信息通过电话线从一台电脑传到另一台电脑。(transmit)

Answer:39.The information is transmitted from one computer to another through a telephone line.40.杰克是个相当好的赛跑运动员。他在大多数情况下都能获胜。(more often than not)

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