第一篇：人教版中考英语时态题
人教版 历史与社会中考 材料分析题一
六一学校材料分析题一
26，阅读下列资料后回答问题 17分
材料一：
图一西亚空白图：图二：
材料二：京杭大运河概图(上图二)及资料
材料三：宋元时期，“陶瓷之路”贸易更加繁盛。在意大利就曾出土过宋代陶瓷碎片。到元代，中国的陶瓷风靡亚非欧三洲，取代铜器丝绸等成为各国人民的日常生活用具。一些地区的人们还用中国的陶瓷作祭器或订婚礼物。
材料四：新航路的开辟及新交通工具的出现：
图三图四
回答下列问题;
问题一：图一中的A处是世界著名的运河，写出它的名字? C处是哪个国家?这个国家在生产上有什么特色?3分
问题二：材料二中运河在古代中国的历史上发挥了什么重要作用?材料二中的G处有我国哪一先民遗址?该地在当代被称为鱼米之乡，试分析该地的自然环境?3分。
问题三：材料三中的陶瓷之路又叫什么路?宋元时期也是我国古代科技发展的高峰时期，试列举这时期有利于交通事业发展的科技成就?并简要谈谈其对材料四图三事件的影响?3分
问题四：在新航路的开辟中，曾经到达了当时被认为是东方的是那两个航海家?2分。新航路的开辟对整体世界形成进程的影响是什么?1分
问题五：看材料四的图四，美国中部大平原的农业有何特色?说说世界上第一列火车是谁发明的? 2分，谈谈新交通工具的出现为整体世界形成的影响?1分
问题六：结合上述材料，运用所学知识，谈谈你对世界各国大力发交通事业的看法?2分
27题，阅读下列有关法律的材料，回答题后问题：16分
材料一：两个自由民打架，一个人被打瞎了一只眼睛，对方就要同样被打瞎一只眼睛作为惩罚;被人打掉牙齿，就要敲掉对方的牙齿。如果奴隶主弄瞎了自由民的眼睛，只要拿出一数量的钱就可以了。如果奴隶主在看病的时候死了，医生就要剁掉双手。
材料二;在我国唐朝的法律条文中，有关于“八议”的规定：规定了贵族官僚享有法定的特权，其具体的内容是：议亲，即皇亲;议故，即皇帝的故旧;凡属“八议”特权范围内的官僚和贵族犯了罪，可以酌情减免罪责。
材料三：A。①、本宪法所赋予一切立法权，应操于联邦国会，国会包括参议院和众议院。 ②、第1款：行政权应操于美利坚合众国总统。总统的任期定为4年…… ③、总统应为联邦的陆海军及奉调为联邦服现役的各州民兵的总司令。
材料四;中华人民共和国刑法修正案
(八) ：在刑法第一百三十三条后增加一条，作为第一百三十三条之一：“在道路上驾驶机动车追逐竞驶，情节恶劣的，或者在道路上醉酒驾驶机动车的，处拘役，并处罚金。”这个修正案已由全国人大常委会通过，自2011年5月1日起实行。
材料五：新社北京2011年3月10日电 (记者 周兆军)全国人大常委会委员长吴邦国10日向十一届全国人大四次会议作全国人大常委会工作报告。他宣布，一个立足中国国情和实际、适应改革开放和社会主义现代化建设需要、集中体现党和人民意志的，以宪法为统帅，以宪法相关法、民法商法等多个法律部门的法律为主干，由法律、行政法规、地方性法规等多个层次的法律规范构成的中国特色社会主义法律体系已经形成。
回答下列下列问题：
问题一：材料一出自哪一部法律文件?这一部法律在世界法律史上有什么地位?它诞生
哪一古代文明?3分
问题二：说出唐朝的起止时间，另说出唐朝的法律文件可能是用什么技术印刷的?从材
料二可以看出我国唐朝法律和材料一中的法律的共同作用是什么?3分
问题三：材料三中的美利坚合众国何时成为一个独立的国家?材料三出自该国的哪一法
律文件?该法律文件的最大作用是什么?3分
问题四;材料四中的宪法修正案体现了谁的意志?也体现了全国人大的哪一职权?对比
唐朝的法律，说说我国现行的法律的一项基本原则是什么?3分
问题五：根据所学知识说说“中国特色的社会主义法律体系形成”的重大意义?2分
问题六：综合以上材料，你有什么启示?2分
28，17分，材料一：(A)时代，汉朝的国力已十分强盛，于是开始了武力反击匈奴的战争，在大将卫青和霍去病的率领下，汉朝军队大获全胜，汉朝北部的边患基本解除，国家在河西走廊陆续设郡，还把长城延伸到敦煌以西的地区。
材料二：图1.攻占巴士底狱图2. 签署《独立宣言》
材料三：1914年一些西方国家的殖民地情况：(见右下表) 德国统治者声称：“让别的民族去分割大陆和海洋，而我们德国人满足于蓝色天空的时代已经过去了，我们也要为自己谋求日光下的地盘”。
材料四：随着法西斯集团侵略的不断加剧，1942年初，中、苏、美、英等26个国家组成了正义集团与法西斯邪恶势力进行作战。法西斯分子和战争刽子手最终都受到了正义的审判和应有的处罚。
材料五：这场战役的指挥者说：淮海战役是人民群众用小车推出来的。见下表：
回答下列问题：
问题一：材料一中的A如果填一位我国古代的皇帝，他应是哪一位?从材料可以看出，该皇帝发动武力反击匈奴的战争为后来的什么事件打下了基础?列举该皇帝在思想上的大一统措施，并概述其深远影响?4分。
问题二：材料二中的图一和图二中的事件分别发生于何时?这两件事对上述两个国家产生的共同影响是什么?4分
问题三：材料三中的文字和图表说明20世纪初主要帝国主义之间存在的什么情况?哪两个国家的矛盾最深?根据所学知识说出帝国主义国家是如何解决他们之间的矛盾的?3分
问题四：材料四介绍的是哪一件重大历史事件?它的起止时间是什么?中苏美英取得战争胜利的最主要原因是什么?3分
问题五：根据材料五的资料，分析三大战役胜利的主要原因?三大战役后的渡江战役有什么重要的意义?2分
问题六：选取上述材料中的一两次战争，说出对你有什么启示?1分
第二篇：英语中考人教版中考英语听力答题技巧
中考英语听力答题技巧
晏坝初中：赵海霞
当前，中学英语教学除注重学生基础知识、基本技能的培养，更要求侧重培养学生运用英语语言的能力。因此，听力测试作为了解学生获取信息能力的有效办法，仍然会在今年及以后的中考中占有重要的位置(120分试题，听力为25分)。要想在中考英语测试中取得理想的成绩，在复习阶段，无论在心理上，还是时间利用上，都不能视 对这一部分能力的提高。
一、中考听力测试的主要题型
中考听力测试考察的内容包括了初中阶段所学的各方面的知识。 从试题来看，主要有以下三种题型：情景反应题、对话理解题、短文理解题。
1．情景反应题
这道题要求学生根据所听到的句子提供的语境做出适当的回应，主要有回答式和陈述式两种。
2. 对话理解题
这一部分一般是要求考生在听一段对话后回答一个问题。它主要考察学生是否能够熟练掌握英语中交际功能的基本元素，如询问时间、天气、谈论天气、问候及应答、问路、看病、购物、借东西、祝贺及应答等习惯用语的常见说法。
3．短文理解题。
这一部分要求学生根据所听到的短文内容选择正确选项。中考听力测试短文理解部分大多为记叙文，问题主要涉及文中所提到的人物（who）、事件（what）、事件（when）、地点（where）、原因（why）、方式(how)、程度(how long，how soon，how much)，数量(how many/how much),选择(which)等关联词上，因此学生学生在听的时候应尽量捕捉这些关键词，以便确定答案。
二、中考听力的特点
1. 考试时间短。
听力测试部分一般限制在20---30分钟时间内，录音结束，听力 测试就相应结束，没有复查的时间余地。
2.考查内容广
中考听力的录音多是由英语为母语的人士以地道的语音和 标准的语调录制而成，已学过的词汇和语法知识为依托考察对语音、词汇、句型和篇章的理解能力，内容十分广泛。
三、考试应注意的问题
1. 考生拿到试卷之后，一定要利用放录音前的几分钟空余时间，将试卷上的选项全部读一遍，一方面要尽可能记住其有关信息，另一 方面要根据所给选项判断问题类型或谈话中心。
2. 在具体听录音的过程中要集中思想，若遇到听不懂的词句，不要因此而停下来，也不要长时间地停留在难题上思考，因为你停下来了但录音并没有停下来，这样做会因小失大。正确的做法是：随录 音继续往下听，直到最后。
3. 录音放两遍，要全力听懂第一遍，同时一边听一边初选答案， 第二遍主要用来检查自己所选的答案是否正确。
4. 在听的过程中，要注意听清录音中的时间、地点、人物、数字、原因等信息，因为这些往往可能就是考点。
5. 一方面要注意充分理解录音的整体内容，另一方面要特别注意各题的最后一句话，因为这往往就是该题的问题所在。而在这最后的一句话中又要特别注意它的第一个词，即疑问词，因为要选的选项就是要回答这个疑问词。
三、具体方法有：
1. 比较法：即根据听到的有关内容或信息对各个选项进行比较和鉴别，找出所给选项之间的用法和意义上的不同之处，从而找出正确的选项。
2. 排除法：即对听到的内容将它们在头脑中进行分析和比较，弄清意思后，采取逐个去掉与听到的内容不相符的选项，即排除法。 这是做听力选择题的重要方法之一。
3. 理解记忆法：即对所听到的内容，针对有意义的材料或事物，运用已掌握的知识和平时所具备的经验，经过分析理解，联系并进行 记忆，经过判断做出正确的选择。
4. 归纳积累法：这种方法主要是平时要多记一些习惯表达法和固定用法，把所学的交际用语进行归纳，加强记忆，从而在做听力题时，能迅速做出判断。
四、中考英语听力题解题三大技巧
1．争取时间 提前审题 领到试卷后应迅速浏览听力部分，尽快根据题干和选项预测可能 出现的录音内容，努力寻求四个选项之间的差别，提高捕捉信息的准 确度。如：听对话，选择正确答案：A. She is a cleaner. B. She’s a teacher C. She’s a worker.从选项中可预测该问题肯定是问职的，那么在听录音时，我们就应该留意其对话场合和身份。
2．沉着答题 遇难不慌
听力测试的时间是预先设定的，通常为20分钟左右。因此，要培养抢记内容的能力，如人名、地名、时间、数字等。特别是对那些一时拿不准、写不出的词要学会用音标或缩写词作快速记录，以便在录音结束后为自己创造追忆的条件。另外，如果在做题过程中遇到确实听不懂的，要舍得果断放弃，集中精力，作好后面的题，切不可揪住一点不放，因小失大。
3．仔细检查 理顺关系
听力结束后，不要急于做笔试题。要利用头脑中还保留的短暂记 忆和记录的内容，对那些不太肯定的答案进行推敲并合理想象。相对而言，听力第二部分内容难度降低，比较容易得分，做短文理解题时应注意如下几点：
（1）听短文录音时要重在意会，不能搞逐字对译。要特别注意捕捉一篇短文开头的第一句或最后一句话，因为它们往往是该文中心思想所在的主题句。
（2）短文后所给的试题一般是紧扣考生所听到的内容按先后顺序编排的，因此可以根据所听有关内容的先后顺序来逐一考虑各题， 以免理不清头绪，解答问题时张冠李戴。
（3）所给出的选项，选择标准往往是看其是否与所听内容吻合。 如果仅根据有关语法结构上的基础知识就可判定选择答案的话，该试 题就达不到考查听力理解的目的。
四、短文一般在听两遍的情况下，难以将所有内容全部记忆下来。 因此听力前充分利用间隙时间，浏览试题有关书面材料，预测内容。 在听力过程中要特别留意并记住有关的信息，提高答题的正确率。
五、听后检查
听力材料播完以后，有些地方仍然没听清，在答题过程中切忌胡乱猜测，要依据自己已听到的部分内容和已掌握的知识和常识，通过分析、推理等找到最接近的答案。同时，不要急于做笔试题，要利用脑海中暂存的记忆再检查一遍答题，根据题与题之间的逻辑关系来推测判断答题是否正确。
如果同学们能注意以上几点，并不断地在实践中运用和总结，相信你的听力水平会有质的飞跃。当然，任何能力的培养和提高都是一蹴而就的，需要一个循序渐进，不断完善的过程。
第三篇：人教版初中英语中考英语作文话题(人际关系)
中考英语作文话题(人际关系)
一 话题常用表达句式。
1.发出邀请的表达
Let’s play basketball /go to a movie/have ice-cream /go hiking..
Can you come to my party/go traveling with me ?
Could you please come to my party/go to the beaches with me?
2.接受邀请或拒绝邀请的表达
Yes /Sure/Certainly,I’d love to.
Sorry ,I can’t ,I have to .../I’d love to ,but I can’t .I have to ...
3.表示请求的表达
Would you mind (not)doing..?礼貌的抱怨Could you please (not) do...?
二.运用挑战
用“have to” 和 “be doing” 完成Jim周一到周六的日程表
1. He study for a test.2.He go caming
3. He see a dentist4. He have a piano lesson
下周3月2日(星期五)是Tom 的生日，他邀请Jim 参加他的生日派对，但Jim 因有事去不了。请完成
Jim 给Tom写的回函。
Hi,Tom,
Thanks for
Yours,
Jim
三 写作练习
中考临近，学生的压力越来越大，老师的作业多 课外活动减少等等，这让学生们感到很烦恼。请你
(Ping Ping) 写一封100词左右的信给你的杨老师，表达你对现状的看法。并提出你的请求。
第四篇：2021年人教版（五四学制）化学中考实验探究题复习——常见离子的检验 学案
中考实验探究题复习——常见离子的检验
学案
教学目标
1、掌握常见离子的特征反应及实验现象。
2、通过离子间发生的特殊现象，确认物质的存在，区分、推断物质，培养严谨地科学探究方法。
【新闻现场】2015年7月18日下午，上海金山警方接群众举报称，在某镇某村一隐蔽民宅内，有人私自生产劣质桶装纯净水。据查，不法人员利用自来水过滤器去掉自来水味，他说：“经过过滤器的基础处理，一般人不容易通过色泽和味道来分辨真假品牌水。”
请你根据学过的自来水的消毒及其他的化学知识，设计简单易行的实验方案用化学方法鉴别纯净水和自来水：
【小试牛刀】用尽可能多的方法证明一瓶无色液体显酸性
操作
现象
结论
该溶液
显酸性
【乘胜追击】如何确定一瓶无色溶液是稀盐酸还是稀硫酸
操作
现象
结论
【直击中考】
大自然中学的化学实验室里某小组正在探究酸和碱是否发生反应。根据他们设计的方案，小明向试管中加入2ml氢氧化钠溶液，滴入几滴酚酞试液，溶液显红色。然后他又用滴管连续滴入一定量的稀硫酸。
提出问题：氢氧化钠溶液和硫酸混合后溶液中的溶质有哪些、
甲：Na2SO4
乙：Na2SO4
H2SO4
丙：Na2SO4
NaOH
为了确定溶质成分，小组成员采取两类不同物质进行实验，分别得出了乙猜想正确的结论。
方案一：取少许反应后的溶液置于试管中，向其中加入
，实验现象
方案二：取少许反应后的溶液置于试管中，向其中加入
，实验现象
铮铮同学认为向溶液中加入氯化钡也可以得出上述结论，你认为他的想法正确吗，为什么?
【再下一城】
小海同学在实验室里发现一瓶瓶盖没盖好的氢氧化钠溶液。他和学习小组的同学一起决定对这瓶溶液是否变质进行探究，请你帮他们完成实验报告。
提出问题：这瓶氢氧化钠溶液是否变质?
猜想与假设：这瓶氢氧化钠溶液已经变质。变质理由是：
。
实验探究操作步骤：取出少量该溶液于一支试管中，再往试管中滴加
。
实验现象：观察到有
。
结论：这瓶氢氧化钠溶液已经变质。
小红用另外两种不同类别的试剂也得出了相同的结论，这两种试剂分别是
、
。
【再接再厉】
小海认为上面这瓶烧碱的可能组成有：
A、全部是碳酸钠;B、
。
小赵认为检验该溶液中有氢氧化钠的实验可以这样设计：
取少量固体，加水充分溶解，往其中滴加酚酞试剂，变红色，呈碱性，说明固体中还有氢氧化钠。这种设计合理吗?请说明理由。
小王设计了以下的探究实验来验证猜想：
(1)取少量固体，加水充分溶解，加入过量的氢氧化钙溶液。出现
，证明固体中含有碳酸钠
(2)对上述反应后的混合物过滤，在滤液中加入酚酞溶液，酚酞变红色证明固体中含有氢氧化钠。
你认为小王的第(2)步设计正确吗?说出理由
。
小海在同学们的帮助下，最终设计了以下的探究实验，请你帮他一起完成：
实验步骤
现象
结论
1、少量固体，加水充分溶解，加入过量的
溶液
有白色沉淀生成
固体中含有碳酸钠。
2、对上述反应后的混合物过滤，在滤液中加入酚酞溶液。
固体中含有氢氧化钠
结论：猜想(2)成立。
【直击中考】
(2014
揭阳)下图是模拟海水制盐的流程
实验结束后，兴趣小组对滤液进行探究
【提出问题】滤液中除了含有水和氯化钠外，还含有哪些溶质?
【提出猜想】根据实验①②③的操作后，作出如下猜想
猜想一：由于在②中加入了过量的碳酸钠溶液，所以滤液中除了含有水和氯化钠外，还仅含过量的
。
猜想二：由于在①加入了过量的氢氧化钙，发生反应生成了氢氧化镁和氯化钙，所以滤液中除了含有水和氯化钠外，只含有反应生成的氯化钙。
猜想三：由于②所加的过量碳酸钠在①之后，所加的碳酸钠把①中反应生成的氯化钙和过量的氢氧化钙全部除去，所以滤液中除了含有水和氯化钠外，还含有
和
。
【验证猜想】
步骤
实验操作
实验现象
推断
1
取少量滤液于试管中，加入过量的氯化钙溶液，振荡，静置
滤液中还含有
溶质
2
取步骤1反应后的混合液过滤后，取滤液少量于试管中加入
(填指示剂)
滤液中还含有氢氧化钠
【实验结论】经过兴趣小组的实验分析，猜想三是正确的。
【反思与拓展】为了使制得的精盐水只含有水和氯化钠，步骤④的作用是除去杂质，请写出其中一个反应的化学方程式：
。如果要将精盐水继续提纯成NaCl晶体，应进行
操作。
【课后自我检测】
1、下列各组物质能够共存的是:
(
)
A、FeCl3溶液、NaOH溶液
B、Ca(OH)2溶液、Na2CO3溶液
C、BaCl2溶液、HCl溶液
D、CaCO3、稀HNO3
2.为了证明长期暴露在空气中的氢氧化钠溶液
已经部分变质,实验前请选用三种不同物质类别的试剂.________、________、________
3、下面是某化学兴趣小组探究废旧干电池中白色糊状物成分的过程，请帮助他们完成相应的报告。
【提出问题】白色糊状物是由什么物质组成的?
【资料】干电池的白色糊状物中含有铵根离子。
【猜想】可能含有OH-、CO32-、Cl-、SO42-
【设计方案】小亮首先认为不存在的的离子是________,因为铵根离子遇到该离子会生成氨气。
为了验证其他离子的存在情况，兴趣小组设计如下实验，请你完成以下实验报告。
实验操作
实验现象
实验结论
1、取糊状物少量，加足量的水，搅拌后过滤，取少量滤液于试管中，滴加硝酸钡溶液
没有SO42-和CO32+存在
2、另取第1步所得滤液少量，滴加少量_________溶液
产生白色沉淀
存在的离子是_________
3、取白色糊状物，滴加少量_________溶液
出现蓝色
有淀粉存在
[结论]干电池内白色糊状物中含有的盐类物质是
_________，在化肥中它属于_________肥(填“氮”、“磷”、“钾”)。
[反思]随意丢弃废旧干电池会造成环境污染，而废旧干电池中的许多物质可以回收利用，变废为宝，造福人类。
【课后反思】
学完这节课，你有哪些收获?还有什么疑惑?
第五篇：中考时态复习总结及练习
中考时态复习专项训练
一. 一般现在时
(一)构成: (1) be: am/is/are(2) do: do/does
(二)用法：
1. 经常性动作等。常与everyday, often, always, once a week, seldom, usually等连用。She always goes to school by bus. 2. 真理和事实。
Light travels faster than sound.
3.在由when, if, before, as soon as, unless等引导的时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
When I grow up， I will be a soldier.(主将从现)
4.动作正在发生，用在由here, there等开首的句子中，表示现在正在发生。There goes the bell.
5.表示主语的习惯特征，性格，能力等。He studies very hard. 6.一般的说明文字等。
The book says that women can live longer than men
二、一般过去时态
(一).构成：(1)be: was/were(2) do: did
(二)用法：
1.表示过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和明确的时间状语连用。(或有上下文语境暗示)
She went out just now.I saw him yesterday.
2.表示过去经常发生的动作。
Last month she worked eleven hours every day.He used to get up early.
3.表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately,the moment, the minute。
The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.He bought a watch but lost it.
注意：有一些容易变化错误的单词，如：
练习：
(1)---I knocked into a tree when I went to the railway station for my friend.---I suppose you _ too fast.
A. driveB. are drivingC. droveD. were driving (2) In the 49th World Table Tennis Championship,
Wang Liqin _ Ma Lin and _ the champion of the Men’s Singles.A. beat, beatB. won, wonC. beat, wonD. won, beat (3) ---When _ your brother _ back? ---About half an hour ago.
A. did, comeB. had, come C. do, comeD. have, come (4) —Excuse me. You shouldn’t smoke here. Look at the sign “NO SMOKING HERE.” ---Sorry, I _ it.
A. doesn’t seeB. haven’t seenC. didn’t seeD. hadn’t seen
三、一般将来时
(一)构成：(1)will + be/do
(2) be going to + be/do
①表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词(常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等)。
He will visit shanghai next week. ②表示一种趋向或习惯动作。We’ll die without air or water.
③表示趋向行为的动词如come、go、start、begin、leave等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时。
My uncle is coming form America.
④be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及区别：
be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备;
shall / will do表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。
* be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中;而will则能，表意愿。如： If it is fine, we’ll go fishing.(正确)
If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)
* be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。 A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o’clock this afternoon.
* be about to do sth.表示―即可，就要‖，后面不能接时间状语或状语从句。 Autumn harvest is about to start.
注意：在下面几种情况下只可用will (shall)表示将来，而不可用be going to 结构。 表示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时。 eg: Will you please lend me your bike? (2) 表示意愿时
eg: We will help him if he asks us.
(3)表示单纯的将来，与人的主观愿望和判断无关时。 eg: The sun will rise at 6:30 tomorrow morning 四 过去将来时 1.构成：(1)was/were going to + be/do(2) will + be/do
2.用法：(1)表示从过去某一时间看将来发生的动作或存在的状态。常用在宾语从句中，a. 表示感觉的动词。如：see, hear等
由“would +动词原形” 引导。
eg: 1)He said he would buy some fruit forhis sister.
2)He asked when the meeting would end.(2) 表示曾经打算或准备要做的事，用“was/were + 动词原形”引导。eg: 1)I thought it was going to rain soon.
2)They were going to start a new job whenI saw them then.
(3) go, come, leave, arrive, start 等动词，其
过去进行时表示过去按计划即将发生的动作。 练习：
(1)--The TV show Home With Kids is so wonderful .Youshouldn’t miss it.
--If I have time, I _ it.
A. seeB. sawC. will seeD. have seen(2) I want to know if there _ an English speech contestnext month. If our school _ it, I must get ready forit.
A. will be, holdsB. will be, will holdC. will have, hold
(3) The summer vacation will begin next week. David _to stay with us.
A. will be comingB. comes
C. cameD. is coming
五、现在进行时
1.构成：am/is/are + v-ing 2.用法：(1)表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。eg: --What are you doing?--I’m reading English.
(2) 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。eg: 1)They are studying hard this term.
2)We arte picking apples on a farm thesedays.
(3) go, leave, arrive, start, visit，move 等动词用现在进行时表示将来.eg: 1)I’m going to Beijing this Sunday.2)The bus is coming soon.
(4) 当时间状语为now, these days等时或当句子中含有look, listen, canyou see, can’t you see之类的暗示词时,要使用现在进行时。但应注意下列这些动词一般不用于现在进行时态的句子中。
b. 表示喜欢或厌恶的动词。如：like, love等c. 表示希望的动词。如：want, would like等d. 表示状态的动词。如：be等e. 表示归属的动词。如：have等
f. 表示思维、知识或理解能力的动词。如：know, think, forget等 练习：
(1)Don’t turn on the TV. Grandma _ now.
A. is sleepingB. will sleepC. sleptD. sleeps(2) Listen. They _ with Mr Wang in the room.
A. chattingB. are chattingC. were chattingD. will chat(3) --Jim, please help me take out of the trash.--OK, mom. I _ .
A. will comeB. am comingC. shall comeC. would come(4) He with us _ to Hawaii for summer vacation.
A. are going toB. is going to goC. is going to D. are going to go
六、过去进行时
1.构成： was/were + v-ing 2.用法：(1)表示过去某一时刻某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语then, at that time, this time yesterday,at ten yesterday 等连用,或用另一类动作表示过去的时间。
eg: 1)—What were you doing at nine last night?--I was watching TV at that time.2)He was reading when I came in.
3)I was doing my homework while my parents werewatching TV.
(2)过去进行时常和always等时间副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感情色彩。
eg: Alice was always changing her mind.
(3)注意在含有when或while引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中过去进行时的运用：1)主句中的动作先于从句中的动作发生，且进行的时间较长时，主句用过去进行时
(从句用一般过去时)。
eg: When the UFO arrived, I was watching TV.
2)从句中的动作先于主句中的动作发生，且进行的时间较长时，从句用过去进行时
(主句用一般过去时)。
eg: While I was walking in the street, theaccident happened.
3) 若主、从句动作同时发生或无所谓先后时，主从句可同时使用过去进行时，此时的时间状语从句一般由while引导。
eg: I was doing my homework while my parentswere doing the chores.3. My parents ___________(give) me a computer for my next birthday.注意：在上述情况下，若动词为表示状态的延续性动词，一般都应用一般过去时，
4. We __________(go) to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. 而不用过去进行时。
5. There __________(be) an English party tomorrow evening.
6.—Larry, what are you going to be when you _________(grow) up?at home.
--I ________(be) a professional basketball player.3.练习：
II.单项选择(1)James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ______until yesterday.
1.---Will you please stay here for the picnic?A. will comeB. is comingC. was comingD. comes
--Sorry, I _______. I’ll have to go to practice the piano.
(2) I saw Lisa in the street yesterday, but she didn’t see me. She _ the other day.
A. mustn’tB. needn’tC. won’tD. can’t
A. was shoppingB. am shoppingC. have shopped
2. He says he ________us around his factory in a week.
* 现在进行时和过去进行时比较A. showsB. is showingC. will showsD. will show1. I don’t really work here. I ____ until the new secretary _______.3. Either we or Andy _________ the animals this weekend.A. just help out; comesB. have just helped out; will comeA. is going to feedB. are going to feedC. am just helping out; comesD. will just help out; has comeC. is feedingD. are feeding2.--- When shall we leave?4. I hope your dream ________ one day.--- As soon as I ______ what I _______.A. comes trueB. come trueC. will come trueD. will trueA. will finish; doB. have finished, am doing5. ________ I return the book to the library soon?C. finish, will doD. finish, doA. WillB. DoC. AmD. Shall 3. At that time he _____ in the library.6. If it _______, our family ________ boating tomorrow.A. workedB. had workedC. was workingD. would workA. don’t rain, will goB. isn’t rain, is going to go4. The students ____ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she____in the office.C. doesn’t rain, will goD. doesn’t rain, shall goA. were working; had leftB. worked; left7. There ________ a football match on TV this evening.C. had worked; leftD. were working; would leaveA. will haveB. is going to beC. hasD. is going to have 5. --- Hey, look where you are going!
七、现在完成时
--- Oh, I’m terribly sorry. _______.
1. A. I’m not noticing.B. I wasn’t noticing.C. I haven’t noticed.D. I don’t notice.结构：(1)be: have/has been(2)do: have/has done E. I didn’t notice.F. I won’t notice
2.用法： *一般过去时和过去进行时比较
(1)结果：表示过去发生的或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响后结果。 1. He ______ a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he ______ it.
eg:1)—Have you had your lunch yet? A. wrote; has finishedB. was writing; has finished
--Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. C. was writing; had finishedD. wrote; will finish
2. Tom ________ into the house when no one ___________.2)I have lost my pen.A. slipped; was noticingB. had slipped; noticed3)I have already watched the TV play.C. slipped; had noticedD. was slipping; noticed4)—Have you found your lost pen? 3. As she ________ the newspaper, Granny _________ asleep.--No, I haven’t found it yet.A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fell
注意：already, yet常和现在完成时连用。C. was reading; was fallingD. read; fell
1)already 用于肯定句，可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前也可放在句末。 4. The last time I _________ Jane she __________ cotton in the fields.
2)yet用于疑问句，表示“已经”，用于否定句，表“还”，常放在句末。A. had seen; was pickingB. saw; picked
(2)持续：表示动作或状态已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常和for, since连C. had seen; pickedD. saw; was picking
用，表示持续的动作或状态多为 用所给词的适当形式填空：
1.Who _________(give)the concert tomorrow?延续性动词。 2._________ I ________(say ) it again?eg: 1)We have lived here since 2000.2)I have learnt English for three years.(3)经验：表示从过去到现在曾经经历的事情或表示同一动作发生多次，常和never, ever, once, twice, before等连用。eg: 1)I have never been to Egypt before.2)It has snowed twice here.
非延续性动词的现在完成时常用下列结构表示：主语 + have/has been + adj./n./prep-phraseeg: 1)He has been dead for two years.
2)He has been a party member for a year.3)I have been in this school for half a year. (4)几个副词在现在完成时中的用法：① just“刚刚”，表示动作刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。eg: He has just come back from Beijing.② ever“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，位于助动词与过去分词之间。eg: Have you ever been to Shanghai?③ never“从来没有”， 常与before连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。eg: I have never travelled by plane before.④ before“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总放在句末不受句型的限制。eg: I haven’t heard of it before.
⑤ for + 时间段 , since + 时间点应特别注意：谓语动词必须是延续性动词。如：我离开这所学校已八年了。
误：I’ve left this school for eight years.
正：I’ve been away this school for eight years. (5)延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法
① 非延续性动词不可与表示一段的时间状语连用。eg: The poor old man has died. (T)
The poor old man has died for three years. (F)The poor old man has been dead for three years.但在否定句中，可以与表示一段的时间状语连用。eg: He hasn’t come here for several days.
② 非延续性动词与一段时间状语连用可采用下述三种方法：1)将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词：
come→ be here, go→ be there, die→ be dead,borrow→ keep, buy→ have, join→ be in/be a „member, leave→ be away, begin to study→ study,finish→ be over, get up→ be up, put on→ wear,catch a cold→ have a cold, wake up→ be awake,fall asleep→ be asleep, arrive/get→ be,lose→ not have, leave→ be away from
2)将时间状语改为过去时间，并用一般过去时代替现在完成时。eg: He has been in the army for three years.
→He joined the army three years ago.
3)用句型“It is+ 一段时间+since从句(从句中的谓语动词用非延续性动词的一般过去式)”表示eg: The old man has been dead for two years.
→ It is two years since the old man died 练习：
1. I________ this book for two weeks. I have to return it now.
A. borrowedB. have borrowedC. keptD. have kept 2.—Why not go to see the flower show with us?--I ________ it.
A. sawB. had seenC. seeD. have seen
3.—I ________so busily recently that I _______ no time to help you with your math.--That’s OK. I can manage it by myself.
A. have been working, haveB. have worked, had
C. am working, will haveD. had been working, had had 4.—I ________ women new CDs.
--When _______ you _______ them?--Yesterday morning.
A. buy, did, buyB. buy, do, buy
C. have bought, did, buyD. have bought, did, buy
5. I first met Tom 10 years ago. He _______ in a radio factory at that time.
A. had workedB. has workedC. was workingD. has been working 6.—Have you finished the report?--NO. I _______ it all this week.
A. will doB. had doneC. have doneD. have been doing
八、过去完成时
1.构成：(1)be: had been(2)do: had done
2.用法：表示“过去的过去”，即在过去的某一动作之前，已经发生了另外一个动作。 3.时间状语：by last week, by the end of lastyear, when I got there等
eg: 1)The movie had been on for 10 minutes when I got to the cinema.2)She had left by the time I arrived.
3)He had lived in Shanghai before he came here.
4)I had learned about 2,000 words by the end of last term.1. --- Where __you __ (put) the book?I can’t see it anywhere.--- I ___(put) it right here. But now it’s gone.A. did ; put; putB. have; put; putC. did; put; have putD. have; put; have put
2. We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _______ to her?A. was happeningB. happensC. has happenedD. happened
3. Hello, I ____ you were in London. How long _________ here?A. don’t know; were youB. hadn’t known; are you
C. haven’t known; areD. didn’t know; have you been
4. I’m glad to tell you that we _____ the work in less time than we _____ expected to.A. finished; wereB. have finished; areC. have finished; wereD. had finished; were
5. When I was at college I _______ three foreign language but I ________ all except a few words of each.
A. spoke; had forgottenB. spoke; have forgottenC. had spoken; had forgottenC. had spoken; have forgotten 一般过去时和过去进行时
1. He ______ a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he ______ it.A. wrote; has finishedB. was writing; has finishedC. was writing; had finishedD. wrote; will finish
2. Tom ________ into the house when no one ___________.A. slipped; was noticingB. had slipped; noticedC. slipped; had noticedD. was slipping; noticed3. As she ________ the newspaper, Granny _________ asleep.A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was fallingD. read; fell
4. The last time I _________ Jane she __________ cotton in the fields.A. had seen; was pickingB. saw; pickedC. had seen; pickedD. saw; was picking
(六)过去完成时与一般现在时比较练习 I.单项选择
1. Li mei is only a ten-year-old girl, but she _______to draw for about five years.A. learnsB. learndeC. would learnD. has learned
2. There ______ a lot of rain again last week. We ______ too much rain this month.A. was; hadB. was; have hadC. has been; has hadD. has been; had3. --_______you ______ Kate’s brother ?I _______ something to tell him.--I’m afraid I _______.
A. Have; seen; have got; haven’tB. Did; see; have; don’tC. Have; seen; had; haven’tD. Did; see; have got; haven’t
4. My family _______ supper when suddenly I _______ a heavy knock on the door.A. are having; heardB. were having; have heardC. were having; heardD. have had; was hearing
5. Jim no longer studies here. He _______ to London with his parents. They _______ almost a week ago.
A. is goingl leftB. was going; leftC. has gone; has leftD. has gone; left6. Our manger _______ to America twice before and now he _______ there again.A. has gone; has beenB. has been; has goneC. has gone; wentD. went; has been
7. Mr Liu _______ for Xi’an on Saturday. He _______ in that city for about five days.A. leftl has beenB. has left; has beenC. was leaving; wasD. left; was
8. Granny Liu ____down among the children and _____to tell them the story of her life.A. has sat; beganB. sat; has begunC. sat; beganD. has sat; has begun9. –I;m sorry to keep you waiting so long.
--Oh, it doesn’t matter. I _____ here only a few minutes.A. wasB. have beenC. will beD. came
10. Alice _______ to Australia with her father a year ago. She ______in a school near her
home already.
A. came; has beenB. came; wasC. has come; wasD. has come; has been11. I have ______ finished my home work. Have you finished yours_______.A. already; alreadyB. already; yetC. yet; yetD. yet; asready12. I have _______come back from abroad. I came here _______.
A. just; justB. just now; just nowC. justl just nowD. just now; just13. –I haven’t told that to anyone _______, have I ?
-- You’ve seemed to tell that to Li Lei a few days_______.
A. before; agoB. before; beforeC. ago; agoD. ago; before14.—Has your mother ______ beeen to London _______?--No, _______. But my father has _______been there.A. just; yet; never; everB. ever; before; not; alreadyC. ever; already; never; justD. ever; before; never; just 15. I have _______ heard of such a strange thing________.
A. just; alreadyB. never; beforeC. neverl yetD. ever; just now
16. Ann has been in Australia ________ six months. Her parents haven’t heard from her ______ half a year _______.
A. for; since; agoB. for; since; beforeC. in; for; ago;D. for; since; before
17. Mr Black _______ to the city hospital. He ______ a bad cold. He _______ only a minute ago.
A. has gone; has got; leftB. has been; has got; left C. has gone; had; leftD. has gone; has got; has left II.用所给词的适当形式填空
18. Tom ________(see) this film. He _______(see) it last Saturday.
19. She _________(have) her supper. She __________(have) it with me in my house.20. --_________you _________(be) to New York?
--No, I ________(have), but my father ________(be) there twice.
21.Oh, we _________(not meet) each other for a long time. I last________(see) you in London, didn’t I ?
22. Jack ________(leave) home in 1998. He _______(be) away from his home for almost six
years.
23. –Where is Liu Ping?
--She _______(go) shopping.
--When _______she ________(go)?--She _________(go) a few minutes ago.
24. Mr Wang ________(come) to this school in September. And he _______(be) at this
school since then.
25. My father isn’t at home. He ________(go) to Beijing. He ________(go) there on Monday.And he _______(be) in Beijing for three days already.26. --_______ you________(read) thes book before?
--Yes, I ______. I _______ (read) It about two years ago.
27. I ___________(not return) to my hometown so far. I think it ________(change) a lot in
C. begins; walksD. was beginning; walked
2. I ______ the dinner already by the time my parents reached home yesterday afternoon.A. had cookedB. cookedC. have cookedD. was cooking
3. He’s already gove home. But before he ______, he ______all the mistakes in his the last 20 years. III.同义句转换
28.Lucy borrowed the book a week ago.
Lucy _________________ the book _______ a week.29. Mr Andrew began to teach English twenty years ago.
Mr Andrew has ________ an _______________ for twenty years.30. The Smiths have moved to London for almost ten months.
___________________ almost ten months since the Smiths _______to London.31. My brother joined the army a few weeks ago.
My brother ______________________ soldier ________ a few weeks.32. Liu Hua joined our club in 2003.
Li Hua ________________________our club ________2003.33. Mr Smith came to this school in September.
Mr Smith ________ ________ at this school _________september.34. I bought this new dictionary over two weeks ago.
I _______ _________ this new dictionary ________ over two weeks.35. How long have you worked in this factory?
_________did you ________to work in this factory?36. Uncle Wang has worked there since it opened in 1989.
Uncle Wang _______ _______ work ther in 1989 _______ it opened.37. Xiao bing has a high fever for three days.
Xiao Bing________ to have fever for three days________.38. Liu Hai’s mother died in 2001.
Liu Hai’s mother _______ _______ ________ ________ 2001.39. It’s been almost a year since hes grandpa died .
His grandpa ________ _________ _________ ___________ almost a year.40. I lost my wallet more than a week ago.
________ ________ more than a week ________ I lost my wallet.41. We last saw each other half a year ago.
We ________ _______ each other for half a year.42. Jim bought the new bike two weeks ago.
Jim _______ ________ the new bike for two weeks.过去将来时
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Professor Nelson wanted to know when the conference __________(begin)the next day.2. Mrs Smith asked her son if he ________(go) to London on business the next month.
八、过去完成时等级测试
1. The class_____ before Tom ______ into the classroom. A. began; was walkingB. had begun; walked
composition.
A. left; has correctedB. has left; correctedC. had left; correctedD. left; had corrected
4. I _______any of Piccaso’s paintings before I visited the art museum.A. have never seenB. had never seenC. will never seeD. would never see
5. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun ________.A. has risenB. roseC. had risenD. is rising6. By seven o’clock yesterday, we _______ at the airport.
A. had arrivedB. have arrivedC. would arriveD. arrived 7. The soldier_______ after he ______for three days.
A. dead; had been woundedB. has died; had been woundedC. had died; was woundedD. died; had been wounded
8. The students _______busily when Miss Brown went to get a book which she ______in the office.
A. had written; leftB. were writing; has leftC. had written; had leftD. were writing; had left
9. John said he _______supper with his parents. He was quite full.A. had hadB. was eatingC. would haveD. has eaten
10. By the time he was twelve, Edison _______ to make a living by himself.A. would beginB. has begunC. had begunD. is beginning
11. I _______much farther before I caught up with them.
A. don’t goB. was not goingC. have not goneD. hadn’t gone 12. –How many English words _______you ______ by the end of last term?-- About two thousand.
A. did; learnB. have; learnedC. had; learnedD. were; learning
13. By the time the police _______, the thieves, the thieves ________ the stolen money.A. had arrived; had hiddenB. have arrived; are hidingC. had arrived; hidD. arrived; had hidden
14. The film _______ for ten minutes when we_______ to the cimema.A. had begun; had gotB. had started; were gettingC. had been on ; gotD. began; had got
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